Background— The goal of this statement is to review available literature and to put forth a
scientific statement on the current practice of fetal cardiac medicine, including the diagnosis …

In the recent era, no congenital heart defect has undergone a more dramatic change in
diagnostic approach, management, and outcomes than hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). …

… 8 Selamet Tierney ES, Wald RM, McElhinney DB, Marshall AC, Benson CB, Marcus EN,
Marx GR, Levine JC, Wilkins-Haug L, Lock JE, Tworetzky W. Changes in left heart …

Background— Adverse neurodevelopmental outcome is an important source of morbidity in
children with congenital heart disease (CHD). A significant proportion of newborns with …

Background—Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is frequently diagnosed prenatally,
but this has not been shown to improve surgical outcome. Methods and Results—We …

Background— Preventing the progression of fetal aortic stenosis (AS) to hypoplastic left heart
syndrome (HLHS) requires identification of fetuses with salvageable left hearts who would …

Neurologic impairment is a major complication of complex congenital heart disease (CHD).
A growing body of evidence suggests that neurologic dysfunction may be present in a …

Background— Aortic stenosis in the midgestation fetus with a normal-sized or dilated left
ventricle predictably progresses to hypoplastic left heart syndrome when associated with …

Background— Fetal aortic valvuloplasty may prevent progression of aortic stenosis (AS) to
hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Predicting which fetuses with AS will develop HLHS …

Background— Infants born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and an intact or highly
restrictive atrial septum face a neonatal mortality of at least 48% despite early postnatal left atrial …