A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between arteries and veins
within the cavernous sinus and may be classified as either direct or dural. Direct CCFs are …

Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal arteriovenous communications in the
cavernous sinus. Direct CCFs result from a tear in the intracavernous carotid artery. Indirect …

Opinion statement The treatment of a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) depends on the
severity of the clinical symptoms, its angiographic characteristics, and the risk it presents for …

Introduction Direct carotid-cavernous fistulae (CCFs) are type A fistulae according to
Barrow's classification. Endovascular treatment of these lesions is challenging. Methods The …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) can be effectively treated
by using different therapeutic alternatives such as detachable balloons and detachable …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular techniques are the methods of choice for
the treatment of patients with carotid cavernous fistulas. We report our experience using …

We report our single-center experience using detachable balloons (DB), coils and Willis
covered stents (MicroPort, Shanghai, China) to treat post-traumatic direct carotid-cavernous …

Purpose Retrospective evaluation of our experience with the use of flow diverters (FD) for
the endovascular treatment of direct carotid-cavernous sinus fistulae (diCCF). Methods …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Transarterial detachable balloon embolization of direct
carotid cavernous fistulas (DCCFs) has become an optimal treatment. In a few cases, the …

Abstract TEN PATIENTS WITH giant intradural spinal arteriovenous fistulas (perimedullary
Types II and III) were treated with embolization alone (three patients) or in combination with …