Endovascular treatment of carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) presents many technical
difficulties and hazards, some unique to each patient. This report details some of the …

Among 143 carotid cavernous fistulae, 10 cases could not be successfully treated by
standard endovascular techniques alone; some form of surgical assistance was required …

Embolization of a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) by means of a detachable balloon is an
established method for treating CCFs while preserving a patent parent internal carotid artery …

Twenty‐five patients with carotid cavernous fistulae (CCFs) were managed at our institute
during a five‐year period. Transarterial and transvenous treatment of traumatic carotid …

Endovascular balloon occlusion has become a standard mode of therapy in carotid
cavernous fistulas. Many angio‐architectural variations are, however, encountered in …

Three patients with symptomatic carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) characterized by
complete occlusion of the proximal internal carotid artery were treated by percutaneous …

Multiple endovascular management of direct carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) has been
widely accepted as a treatment option. Embolization of the fistula with detachable balloons …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Transarterial detachable balloon embolization of direct
carotid cavernous fistulas (DCCFs) has become an optimal treatment. In a few cases, the …

Abstract DIRECT CAROTID-CAVERNOUS FISTULAS are high-flow shunts with a direct
connection between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. The goals of …

Of 165 cases of direct carotid cavernous fistula, 14 (8.5%) were treated from a transvenous
approach. Twelve of these were treated through the inferior petrosal sinus and one through …