Abstract
SUMMARY: BOLD fMRI has, during the past decade, made a major transition from a purely research imaging technique to a viable clinical technique used primarily for presurgical planning in patients with brain tumors and other resectable brain lesions. This review article briefly examines the history and evolution of clinical functional imaging, with particular emphasis on how the use of BOLD fMRI for neurosurgical planning has changed during the past 2 decades. Even more important, this article describes the many published studies during that same period that have examined the overall clinical impact that BOLD and DTI have made on surgical planning.
Abbreviations
- AF
- arcuate fasciculus
- ASFNR
- American Society of Functional Neuroradiology
- BOLD
- blood oxygen level–dependent
- CPT
- current procedural terminology
- CPU
- central processing unit
- CSM
- intraoperative cortical stimulation mapping
- DTI
- diffusion tensor imaging
- DTT
- diffusion tensor tractography
- EPI
- echo-planar imaging
- FA
- fractional anisotropy
- FDA
- US Food and Drug Administration
- fMRI
- functional MR imaging
- GLM
- general linear model
- MEG
- magnetoencephalography
- PACS
- picture archiving and communication system
- QC
- quality control
- RAM
- random access memory
- SPM
- Statistical Parametric Mapping
- TL
- temporal lobe
- TLE
- temporal lobe epilepsy
- Wada
- intracarotid sodium amobarbital test
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