Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Publication Preview--Ahead of Print
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • COVID-19 Content and Resources
  • For Authors
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editors
    • American Society of Neuroradiology
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Podcasts
    • Subscribe on iTunes
    • Subscribe on Stitcher
  • More
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Advertisers
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
  • Other Publications
    • ajnr

User menu

  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
American Journal of Neuroradiology
American Journal of Neuroradiology

American Journal of Neuroradiology

  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Log in

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Publication Preview--Ahead of Print
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • COVID-19 Content and Resources
  • For Authors
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editors
    • American Society of Neuroradiology
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Podcasts
    • Subscribe on iTunes
    • Subscribe on Stitcher
  • More
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Advertisers
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
  • Follow AJNR on Twitter
  • Visit AJNR on Facebook
  • Follow AJNR on Instagram
  • Join AJNR on LinkedIn
  • RSS Feeds
Research ArticleMETABOLIC BRAIN MAPPING SUPPLEMENT
Open Access

MR Imaging–Detectable Metabolic Alterations in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: From Preclinical to Clinical Studies

L. Altabella, F. Zoratto, W. Adriani and R. Canese
American Journal of Neuroradiology January 2014, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3843
L. Altabella
From the Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (L.A., F.Z., W.A., R.C.), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; and Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS (F.Z.), Rome, Italy.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
F. Zoratto
From the Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (L.A., F.Z., W.A., R.C.), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; and Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS (F.Z.), Rome, Italy.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
W. Adriani
From the Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (L.A., F.Z., W.A., R.C.), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; and Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS (F.Z.), Rome, Italy.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
R. Canese
From the Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (L.A., F.Z., W.A., R.C.), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; and Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS (F.Z.), Rome, Italy.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Abstract

MR spectroscopy represents one of the most suitable in vivo tool to assess neurochemical dysfunction in several brain disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood and adolescence, which persists into adulthood (in approximately 30%–50% of cases). In past years, many studies have applied different MR spectroscopy techniques to investigate the pathogenesis and effect of conventional treatments. In this article, we review the most recent clinical and preclinical MR spectroscopy results on subjects with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and animal models, from childhood to adulthood. We found that the most investigated brain regions were the (pre)frontal lobes and striatum, both involved in the frontostriatal circuits and networks that are known to be impaired in this pathology. Neurometabolite alterations were detected in several regions: the NAA, choline, and glutamatergic compounds. The creatine pool was also altered when an absolute quantitative protocol was adopted. In particular, glutamate was increased in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and this can apparently be reversed by methylphenidate treatment. The main difficulties in reviewing MR spectroscopy studies were in the nonhomogeneity of the analyzed subjects, the variety of the investigated brain regions, and also the use of different MR spectroscopy techniques. As for possible improvements in future studies, we recommend the use of standardized protocols and the analysis of other brain regions of particular interest for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, like the hippocampus, limbic structures, thalamus, and cerebellum.

Abbreviations

ACC
anterior cingulate cortex
ADHD
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Cho
total choline (phosphorylcholine + glycerol-phosphorylcholine)
GABA
γ-aminobutyric acid
PFC
prefrontal cortex
PRESS
point-resolved spectroscopy sequence
tCr
total creatine (creatine + phosphorylcreatine)
  • © 2014 American Society of Neuroradiology

Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org

Next
Back to top
Advertisement
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Journal of Neuroradiology.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
MR Imaging–Detectable Metabolic Alterations in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: From Preclinical to Clinical Studies
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of Neuroradiology
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Journal of Neuroradiology web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
MR Imaging–Detectable Metabolic Alterations in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: From Preclinical to Clinical Studies
L. Altabella, F. Zoratto, W. Adriani, R. Canese
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2014, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3843

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
MR Imaging–Detectable Metabolic Alterations in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: From Preclinical to Clinical Studies
L. Altabella, F. Zoratto, W. Adriani, R. Canese
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2014, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3843
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Purchase

Jump to section

  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Crossref (12)
  • Google Scholar

This article has been cited by the following articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

  • Hyperactivity and impulsivity in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is related to glutamatergic dysfunction in the anterior cingulate cortex
    Jochen Bauer, Anne Werner, Waldemar Kohl, Harald Kugel, Anna Shushakova, Anya Pedersen, Patricia Ohrmann
    The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 2018 19 7
  • A 40-bp VNTR polymorphism in the 3′-untranslated region of DAT1/SLC6A3 is associated with ADHD but not with alcoholism
    Omar Šerý, Ivo Paclt, Ivana Drtílková, Pavel Theiner, Marta Kopečková, Petr Zvolský, Vladimir J. Balcar
    Behavioral and Brain Functions 2015 11 1
  • Brain metabolite differences in one-year-old infants born small at term and association with neurodevelopmental outcome
    Rui V. Simões, Mónica Cruz-Lemini, Núria Bargalló, Eduard Gratacós, Magdalena Sanz-Cortés
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015 213 2
  • Biomarkers, Genetics, and Epigenetic Studies to Explore the Neurocognitive Effects of Anesthesia in Children
    Richard J. Levy, Julie B. Herbstman, Zeljko J. Bosnjak, Andreas W. Loepke, Francis X. McGowan
    Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology 2016 28 4
  • Hyperactivity in the Gunn rat model of neonatal jaundice: age-related attenuation and emergence of gait deficits
    John A. Stanford, Jeffrey M. Shuler, Stephen C. Fowler, Kimberly G. Stanford, Delin Ma, Douglas C. Bittel, Jean-Baptiste Le Pichon, Steven M. Shapiro
    Pediatric Research 2015 77 3
  • Treatment Approaches to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
    Deborah Antai-Otong, Michele L. Zimmerman
    Nursing Clinics of North America 2016 51 2
  • Striatal dynamics as determinants of reduced gambling vulnerability in the NHE rat model of ADHD
    Maurizio Oggiano, Francesca Zoratto, Gianmauro Palombelli, Fabiana Festucci, Giovanni Laviola, Giuseppe Curcio, Rossella Canese, Walter Adriani
    Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 2020 100
  • Effects of methylphenidate on mismatch negativity and P3a amplitude of initially psychostimulant-naïve, adult ADHD patients
    Julijana le Sommer, Ann-Marie Low, Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen, Birgitte Fagerlund, Signe Vangkilde, Thomas Habekost, Birte Glenthøj, Bob Oranje
    Psychological Medicine 2023 53 3
  • Evaluation of fronto-cerebellar neurometabolites in youth with ADHD compared to the healthy group and their associations with cognitive and behavioral characteristics: A proton magnetic spectroscopy study
    Soroush Bakhshi, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli
    International Journal of Psychophysiology 2022 182
  • Fronto-Cerebellar Neurometabolite Alterations After Methylphenidate in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study
    Soroush Bakhshi, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli
    Journal of Attention Disorders 2023 27 4

Similar Articles

Advertisement

News and Updates

  • Lucien Levy Best Research Article Award
  • Thanks to our 2022 Distinguished Reviewers
  • Press Releases

Resources

  • Evidence-Based Medicine Level Guide
  • How to Participate in a Tweet Chat
  • AJNR Podcast Archive
  • Ideas for Publicizing Your Research
  • Librarian Resources
  • Terms and Conditions

Opportunities

  • Share Your Art in Perspectives
  • Get Peer Review Credit from Publons
  • Moderate a Tweet Chat

American Society of Neuroradiology

  • Neurographics
  • ASNR Annual Meeting
  • Fellowship Portal
  • Position Statements

© 2023 by the American Society of Neuroradiology | Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X

Powered by HighWire