Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Graph shows the mean recanalization rate after PTA and stent placement during the study interval.
- Fig 2.
PTA performed for an occlusion of the LA. A, Angiogram before thrombus injection depicts side branches. Black arrows delineate the prospective position of the occluding thrombus. B, The microguidewire and PTA balloon are placed at the thrombus (open arrows). C and D, During balloon inflation (C), the thrombus is compressed and penetrates into side branches (red arrows) of the LA located contralateral to the balloon (D).
- Fig 3.
A, The radiopaque thrombus (open arrowheads) is visualized in a branch of the maxillary artery. B, The microguidewire and balloon catheter have passed between the thrombus and the vessel wall. After balloon inflation, the thrombus is pressed to the contralateral side of the vessel. C, Due to insufficient length of the balloon (red arrow), a second PTA at the proximal end of the occlusion is performed. D, Follow-up angiogram reveals flow in the parent artery and reperfusion of a side branch ipsilateral to balloon placement (red asterisk).
- Fig 4.
A, Occlusion of the maxillary artery in proximity to a sharp bend of the vessel. B and C, The stent (red arrows) is placed across the thrombus (B) and deployed (C). Again, the thrombus (open arrowheads) is compressed to the side contralateral to the initial passing procedure and is stabilized there (C). D, Follow-up angiogram reveals nearly complete recanalization.
- Fig 5.
Stent placement performed for an occlusion of the LA. A, Assessment of vessel status before intervention (black arrowheads mark the prospective position of the thrombus). B and C, The microguidewire and stent catheter have passed the occlusion site (open arrowheads) on the left side (caudally, red arrow) on this lateral projection. D and E, The stent is deployed (open arrowheads), and the follow-up angiogram reveals reperfusion of an ipsilateral side branch (asterisk, E). Another side branch proximal to the occlusion is perfused through the mesh of the stent (curved red arrow, E).
Tables
PTA Stent Level of Significance Total No. of attempts 15 15 NA Mean vessel diameter (mm) 2.14 (±0.3) 2.28 (±0.4) NS Mean time (min) per attempt 16.6 (±5.0) 33.0 (±15.1) P < .001* Total incidence of embolic events 3/16 (20%) 2/16 (13%) NS Mean recanalization rate (%) Immediately after PTA/stenting 20.5% 61.8% P < 0.001† P1 14.6% 67.5% P < 0.001† P2 12.5% 65.3% P < 0.001† P3 6.0% 71.6% P < 0.001† Note:—NA indicates not applicable; NS, not significant; PTA, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; P1, 1 hour postintervention.
* Student t test.
† Variance analysis of repeated-measures.
- Table 2:
Recanalization results at different time points after PTA and stenting with postdilation according to the TIMI classification
PTA Stent P Value* TIMI 0 TIMI 1 TIMI 2 TIMI 3 TIMI 0 TIMI 1 TIMI 2 TIMI 3 0 hours† (n = 30) 6 1 8 0 2 2 2 9 .006 P1* (n = 30) 7 4 4 0 2 0 6 7 .001 P2* (n = 24) 6 2 4 0 1 0 6 5 .002 P3* (n = 10) 3 2 0 0 0 0 2 3 .007 Note:—TIMI indicates Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial criteria.
* Mann-Whitney U test.
† Immediately.
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