Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Arterial structures of (A) bifurcation and (B) terminal. Adapted from Strother, Graves, and Rappe.28
- Fig 2.
Bilateral external jugular veins are harvested. A, The vein grafts are split to make 2 venous sheets. B, These sheets are trimmed into a shape that would fit into the bifurcation arterial structure. The sheets are then mounted on a device, shown in D, in a way such that the original adventitial side is on the exterior surface. C, A handmade device to facilitate venous pouch preparation. Note that, by using 2 clamps, tension is made on the suture line to facilitate the procedure.
- Fig 3.
Incorporation of the venous pouch into the arterial structure. A, At this point, the venous pouch still remains on the device shown in Fig 2D, so as to keep the venous pouch cylindrical and thus facilitate suturing. B, The top of the venous pouch is also sutured. C, Completion of “aneurysm” creation after achieving hemostasis.
- Fig 4.
Images acquired at the second follow-up angiogram. A, B, and C represent images of aneurysms from dogs 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Except in 1 case (F, dog 6), all the aneurysms remain patent. In cases H and I (dogs 8 and 9), PTFE was used along with vein grafts.
Tables
Dog # Artery “Aneurysm” Sac 1st f/u 2nd f/u Comment 1 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (2) IA (4) 2 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (1) IA (3) 3 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (1) IA (3) 4 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (3) IA (6) 5 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (3) IA (6) 6 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (3) IA (12) An aneurysm was thrombosed 7 Bifurcation Vein graft IV (3) IA (6) 8 Bifurcation Vein graft + PTFE IA (2) * Dog was sacrificed after the 1st f/u due to sickness 9 Terminal Vein graft + PTFE IV (3) IA (7) Note:—IV and IA represent a modality employed for the follow-up study. A number in parentheses represents the interval in weeks between aneurysm creation and each follow-up study. Animals were sacrificed on the day following the 2nd follow-up. f/u indicates follow-up study; IV, intravenous digital subtraction angiogram; IA, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiogram.
Dog # Height (mm) Dog # Neck Width (mm) 1st f/u 2nd f/u Dif. 1st f/u 2nd f/u Dif. 1 19.0 20.0 1.0 1 8.9 9.9 0.9 2 25.2 25.1 −0.2 2 9.6 10.6 1.0 3 21.7 24.1 2.4 3 8.6 9.6 1.1 4 30.1 31.5 1.4 4 11.0 13.2 2.3 5 22.3 21.7 −0.6 5 8.4 8.3 −0.1 6 * * * 6 * * * 7 22.9 23.2 0.3 7 8.8 9.0 0.2 8 21.6 * * 8 10.4 * * 9 20.9 20.1 −0.8 9 8.5 7.7 −0.8 Mean 23.0 23.7 Mean 9.3 9.8 SD 3.4 4.0 SD 1.0 1.8 Dog # Dome Width (mm) Cases Volume (mm3)/Ostium Area (mm2) 1st f/u 2nd f/u Dif. Volume Ostium Area VOR 1 10.1 11.4 1.4 1 1552.0 54.8 28.3 2 10.5 11.8 1.3 2 2576.5 90.4 28.5 3 10.5 12.4 1.9 3 2319.9 95.8 24.2 4 13.4 14.4 1.0 4 4595.0 172.3 26.7 5 10.9 12.2 1.3 5 2287.5 68.5 33.4 6 * * * 6 * * * 7 12.1 12.2 0.1 7 2601.2 89.2 29.2 8 18.6 * * 8 2418.1 64.1 37.7 9 20.7 22.8 2.1 9 3350.3 73.4 45.7 Mean 13.3 13.9 Mean 2712.6 88.6 31.7 SD 4.1 4.0 SD 906.3 36.7 7.0 Note:—Volume and the area of the ostium were measured only for the second follow-up study.
↵* For dog 6, no measurements were performed because of spontaneous thrombosis. f/u indicates follow-up; Dif., difference.
