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Table of Contents

June 01, 2016; Volume 37,Issue 6

Perspectives

  • You have access
    Perspectives
    Bejoy Thomas
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 977; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.P0018

Review Article

  • INTERVENTIONAL
    Open Access
    Imaging, Intervention, and Workflow in Acute Ischemic Stroke: The Calgary Approach
    C. Zerna, Z. Assis, C.D. d'Esterre, B.K. Menon and M. Goyal
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 978-984; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4610

Patient Safety

  • HEAD & NECK
    You have access
    Radiation Dose Reduction by Indication-Directed Focused z-Direction Coverage for Neck CT
    A.K. Parikh and C.C. Shah
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 985-989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4672
  • FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBPEDIATRICS
    You have access
    How to Reduce Head CT Orders in Children with Hydrocephalus Using the Lean Six Sigma Methodology: Experience at a Major Quaternary Care Academic Children's Center
    A. Tekes, E.M. Jackson, J. Ogborn, S. Liang, M. Bledsoe, D.J. Durand, G. Jallo and T.A.G.M. Huisman
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 990-996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4658

    The authors describe a Lean Six Sigma project with the goal of reducing the relative use of pediatric head CTs in their population of patients with hydrocephalus by 50% within 6 months. The existing baseline imaging practice for hydrocephalus was outlined in a Kaizen session, and potential interventions were discussed. An improved radiation-free workflow with ultrafast MR imaging was created. Baseline data were collected for 3 months by using the departmental radiology information system and data collection continued postintervention and during the control phase. The improved workflow resulted in a 75% relative reduction in the percentage of hydrocephalus imaging performed by CT between the pre- and postintervention/control phases. The authors conclude that the lean interventions in the pediatric hydrocephalus care pathway resulted in a significant reduction in head CT orders.

Practice Perspectives

  • SPINE
    You have access
    Myelography CPT Coding Updates: Effects of 4 New Codes and Unintended Consequences
    F.H. Chokshi, R.K. Tu, G.N. Nicola and J.A. Hirsch
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 997-999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4666
  • HEAD & NECK
    You have access
    Same-Day Sinus and Brain CT Imaging in the Medicare Population: Are Practice Patterns Changing in Association with Medicare Policy Initiatives?
    H. Kroll, R. Duszak, J. Hemingway, D. Hughes and M. Wintermark
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1000-1004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4670

Functional Vignette

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    Nonmotor Functions of the Cerebellum: An Introduction
    A.P. Klein, J.L. Ulmer, S.A. Quinet, V. Mathews and L.P. Mark
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1005-1009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4720

General Contents

  • ADULT BRAIN
    Open Access
    Autoimmune Comorbidities Are Associated with Brain Injury in Multiple Sclerosis
    R. Zivadinov, B. Raj, M. Ramanathan, B. Teter, J. Durfee, M.G. Dwyer, N. Bergsland, C. Kolb, D. Hojnacki, R.H. Benedict and B. Weinstock-Guttman
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1010-1016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4681
  • ADULT BRAIN
    Open Access
    Incidence of Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Population-Based Study
    Y. Forslin, T. Granberg, A. Antwan Jumah, S. Shams, P. Aspelin, M. Kristoffersen-Wiberg, J. Martola and S. Fredrikson
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1017-1022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4660
  • EDITOR'S CHOICEADULT BRAIN
    Open Access
    Clinical Feasibility of Synthetic MRI in Multiple Sclerosis: A Diagnostic and Volumetric Validation Study
    T. Granberg, M. Uppman, F. Hashim, C. Cananau, L.E. Nordin, S. Shams, J. Berglund, Y. Forslin, P. Aspelin, S. Fredrikson and M. Kristoffersen-Wiberg
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1023-1029; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4665

    SyMRI is a quantitative synthetic MR imaging method where a single saturation recovery TSE sequence is used to estimate the proton density, longitudinal relaxation rate, and transverse relaxation rate and allows for a free range of synthetic weightings. Twenty patients with MS and 20 healthy controls were enrolled and synthetic MR imaging was implemented on a Siemens 3T scanner. Diagnostic accuracy, lesion detection, and artifacts were assessed by blinded neuroradiologic evaluation, and CNR by manual tracing. Synthetic PD-, T1-, and T2-weighted images were of sufficient or good quality and were acquired in 7% less time than with conventional MRI. Synthetic FLAIR images suffered from artifacts. Also, synthetic MRI provided segmentations with the shortest processing time (16 seconds) and the lowest repeatability error for brain volume. Synthetic MRI can be an alternative to conventional MRI for generating diagnostic PD-, T1-, and T2-weighted images in patients with MS with fast and robust volumetric measurements.

  • ADULT BRAIN
    You have access
    White Matter Diffusion Changes during the First Year of Natalizumab Treatment in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
    O.T. Wiebenga, M.M. Schoonheim, H.E. Hulst, G.J.A. Nagtegaal, E.M.M. Strijbis, M.D. Steenwijk, C.H. Polman, P.J.W. Pouwels, F. Barkhof and J.J.G. Geurts
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1030-1037; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4690
  • ADULT BRAIN
    Open Access
    Computer-Assisted Detection of Cerebral Aneurysms in MR Angiography in a Routine Image-Reading Environment: Effects on Diagnosis by Radiologists
    S. Miki, N. Hayashi, Y. Masutani, Y. Nomura, T. Yoshikawa, S. Hanaoka, M. Nemoto and K. Ohtomo
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1038-1043; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4671
  • ADULT BRAIN
    You have access
    Brain MR Imaging Findings of Cardiac-Type Fabry Disease with an IVS4+919G>A Mutation
    H.-J. Lee, S.-C. Hung, T.-R. Hsu, S.-C. Ko, T. Chui-Mei, C.-C. Huang, D.-M. Niu and C.-P. Lin
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1044-1049; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4677
  • ADULT BRAIN
    Open Access
    Automated Hippocampal Subfield Segmentation at 7T MRI
    L.E.M. Wisse, H.J. Kuijf, A.M. Honingh, H. Wang, J.B. Pluta, S.R. Das, D.A. Wolk, J.J.M. Zwanenburg, P.A. Yushkevich and M.I. Geerlings
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1050-1057; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4659
  • FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBADULT BRAIN
    Open Access
    New Clinically Feasible 3T MRI Protocol to Discriminate Internal Brain Stem Anatomy
    M.J. Hoch, S. Chung, N. Ben-Eliezer, M.T. Bruno, G.M. Fatterpekar and T.M. Shepherd
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1058-1065; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4685

    Track density imaging (TDI) is a novel MR imaging postprocessing technique based on high angular-resolution diffusion acquisitions that generate super-resolution images derived by whole-brain probabilistic streamline tractography. TDI and echo modulation curve T2 mapping were combined with simultaneous multisection acquisition to reveal anatomic detail at 7 canonical levels of the brain stem. Compared with conventional MR imaging contrasts, many individual brain stem tracts and nuclear groups were directly visualized for the first time at 3T.

  • Commentary

    • You have access
      Super-Resolution Track Density Imaging: Anatomic Detail versus Quantification
      F. Calamante
      American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1066-1067; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4721
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Endovascular Treatment versus Best Medical Treatment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    A.I. Qureshi, M.F. Ishfaq, H.A. Rahman and A.P. Thomas
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1068-1073; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4775
  • FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBINTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Clinical Impact of Ventilation Duration in Patients with Stroke Undergoing Interventional Treatment under General Anesthesia: The Shorter the Better?
    O. Nikoubashman, K. Schürmann, T. Probst, M. Müller, J.P. Alt, A.E. Othman, S. Tauber, M. Wiesmann and A. Reich
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1074-1079; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4680

    The authors investigated the impact of early extubation and ventilation duration in a cohort of 103 patients that underwent thrombectomy under general anesthesia. Prolonged ventilation was associated with pneumonia during hospitalization and unfavorable functional outcome (mRS greater than or equal to 3) and death at follow-up. According to ROC analysis, a cutoff after 24 hours predicted unfavorable functional outcome with a sensitivity and specificity of 60% and 78%, respectively. The authors conclude that short ventilation times are associated with a lower pneumonia rate and more favorable clinical outcome.

  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Outcomes Are Not Different between Patients with Intermediate and High DWI-ASPECTS after Stent-Retriever Embolectomy for Acute Anterior Circulation Stroke
    S.K. Kim, W. Yoon, M.S. Park, T.W. Heo, B.H. Baek and Y.Y. Lee
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1080-1085; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4663
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    Open Access
    Angiographic Structural Differentiation between Native Arteriogenesis and Therapeutic Synangiosis in Intracranial Arterial Steno-Occlusive Disease
    Y.C. Ooi, A.N. Laiwalla, R. Liou and N.R. Gonzalez
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1086-1091; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4675
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Occlusion of Posterior Fossa Dural Sinuses in Vein of Galen Malformation
    A. Berenstein, N. Toma, Y. Niimi and S. Paramasivam
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1092-1098; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4688
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Association between Postprocedural Infarction and Antiplatelet Drug Resistance after Coiling for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
    M.S. Kim, K.I. Jo, J.Y. Yeon, J.S. Kim, K.H. Kim, P. Jeon and S.C. Hong
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1099-1105; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4777
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Current Trends and Results of Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms at a Single Institution in the Flow-Diverter Era
    O. Petr, W. Brinjikji, H. Cloft, D.F. Kallmes and G. Lanzino
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1106-1113; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4699
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    Open Access
    Differential Gene Expression in Coiled versus Flow-Diverter-Treated Aneurysms: RNA Sequencing Analysis in a Rabbit Aneurysm Model
    A. Rouchaud, C. Johnson, E. Thielen, D. Schroeder, Y.-H. Ding, D. Dai, W. Brinjikji, J. Cebral, D.F. Kallmes and R. Kadirvel
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1114-1121; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4648
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Smoking Does Not Affect Occlusion Rates and Morbidity-Mortality after Pipeline Embolization for Intracranial Aneurysms
    A. Rouchaud, W. Brinjikji, H.J. Cloft, G. Lanzino, T. Becske and D.F. Kallmes
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1122-1126; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4664
  • INTERVENTIONAL
    You have access
    Pipeline Embolization Device with or without Adjunctive Coil Embolization: Analysis of Complications from the IntrePED Registry
    M.S. Park, C. Kilburg, P. Taussky, F.C. Albuquerque, D.F. Kallmes, E.I. Levy, P. Jabbour, I. Szikora, E. Boccardi, R.A. Hanel, A. Bonafé and C.G. McDougall
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1127-1131; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4678
  • EDITOR'S CHOICEFUNCTIONAL
    Open Access
    Interrogating the Functional Correlates of Collateralization in Patients with Intracranial Stenosis Using Multimodal Hemodynamic Imaging
    B.A. Roach, M.J. Donahue, L.T. Davis, C.C. Faraco, D. Arteaga, S.-C. Chen, T.R. Ladner, A.O. Scott and M.K. Strother
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1132-1138; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4758

    The authors assessed correlations among baseline perfusion and arterial transit time artifacts, cerebrovascular reactivity, and the presence of collateral vessels on digital subtraction angiography. Arterial spin-labeling MRI and DSA were compared with BOLD MR imaging measures of hypercapnic cerebrovascular reactivity in 18 patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis. In regions with normal-to-high signal on ASL, collateral vessel presence on DSA strongly correlated with declines in cerebrovascular reactivity (as measured on BOLD MRI). These data support the use of ASL MR imaging rather than invasive DSA to assess the presence of collateralization, even for patients with internal carotid stenosis from nonatherosclerotic etiologies. Also, collaterals identified on ASL with arterial transit artifacts correlated with decreased CVR compared with regions not perfused via collaterals.

  • FUNCTIONAL
    Open Access
    Abnormal Amygdala Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
    R. Qi, C. Liu, J. Ke, Q. Xu, Y. Ye, L. Jia, F. Wang, L.J. Zhang and G.M. Lu
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1139-1145; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4655
  • EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR
    Open Access
    Optimal MR Plaque Imaging for Cervical Carotid Artery Stenosis in Predicting the Development of Microembolic Signals during Exposure of Carotid Arteries in Endarterectomy: Comparison of 4 T1-Weighted Imaging Techniques
    Y. Sato, K. Ogasawara, S. Narumi, M. Sasaki, A. Saito, E. Tsushima, T. Namba, M. Kobayashi, K. Yoshida, Y. Terayama and A. Ogawa
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1146-1154; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4674
  • HEAD & NECK
    You have access
    Modified Core Biopsy Technique to Increase Diagnostic Yields for Well-Circumscribed Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: A Retrospective Analysis
    S. Han, J.H. Shin, S.Y. Hahn and Y.L. Oh
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1155-1159; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4650
  • PEDIATRICS
    Open Access
    Brain Region–Specific Degeneration with Disease Progression in Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (CLN2 Disease)
    J.P. Dyke, D. Sondhi, H.U. Voss, K. Yohay, C. Hollmann, D. Mancenido, S.M. Kaminsky, L.A. Heier, K.D. Rudser, B. Kosofsky, B.J. Casey, R.G. Crystal and D. Ballon
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1160-1169; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4669
  • EDITOR'S CHOICEPEDIATRICS
    Open Access
    Differentiation of Speech Delay and Global Developmental Delay in Children Using DTI Tractography-Based Connectome
    J.-W. Jeong, S. Sundaram, M.E. Behen and H.T. Chugani
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1170-1177; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4662

    This study investigated whether diffusion tensor imaging tractography-based connectome can differentiate global developmental delay from speech delay in young children. Twelve children with pure speech delay, 14 children with global developmental delay, and 10 children with typical development underwent 3T DTI. Whole-brain connectome analysis was performed by using 116 cortical ROIs. Network metrics were measured at individual regions: strength, efficiency, cluster coefficient, and betweeness. Compared with typical development, global and local efficiency were significantly reduced in both global developmental delay and speech delay. Nodal strength of the cognitive network was reduced in global developmental delay, whereas the nodal strength of the language network was reduced in speech delay. This finding resulted in a high accuracy of >83% to discriminate global developmental delay from speech delay.

  • PEDIATRICS
    Open Access
    Relationship between M100 Auditory Evoked Response and Auditory Radiation Microstructure in 16p11.2 Deletion and Duplication Carriers
    J.I. Berman, D. Chudnovskaya, L. Blaskey, E. Kuschner, P. Mukherjee, R. Buckner, S. Nagarajan, W.K. Chung, E.H. Sherr and T.P.L. Roberts
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1178-1184; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4687
  • PEDIATRICS
    You have access
    Differentiating Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Temporal Bone by Imaging Appearance
    K.M. Chevallier, R.H. Wiggins, N.A. Quinn and R.K. Gurgel
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) 1185-1189; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4676

Letters: (Online only)

  • You have access
    T1-Weighted Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Is a Noninvasive Marker of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor vIII Status in Cancer Stem Cell–Derived Experimental Glioblastomas
    L.S. Politi, G. Brugnara, A. Castellano, M. Cadioli, L. Altabella, M. Peviani, S. Mazzoleni, A. Falini and R. Galli
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) E49-E51; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4774
  • You have access
    Regarding “Cerebral Angiography for Evaluation of Patients with CT Angiogram-Negative Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An 11-Year Experience”
    X. Wu, V.B. Kalra, H.P. Forman, C.C. Matouk, G. Mongelluzzo, R. Liu and A. Malhotra
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) E52-E53; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4794
  • You have access
    Reply:
    J.J. Heit and J.D. Rabinov
    American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2016, 37 (6) E54; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4802
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 37 (6)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 37, Issue 6
1 Jun 2016
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