Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
CT scans obtained from patient 2, a 52-year-old woman.
A, Coronal multiplanar reconstruction scan shows the ASA along the anterior midsagittal surface of the spinal cord (small white arrows). The large radiculomedullary artery (black arrow), which is defined as the AKA, arises from the left T10 level and joins the ASA. Both the ascending and descending branches of the ASA distal to the junction with the AKA are seen, but the ascending branch is narrower than the descending branch. The spinal branch (curved white arrow) arises from the left 10th intercostal artery (large white arrow).
B, On the dorsal section of the coronal view, the continuity of the radiculomedullary artery and intercostal artery (large white arrow) via the spinal branch (curved white arrow) is confirmed.
C and D, Axial scans show the ASA (small white arrows) and AKA (black arrows) in the dural sac. The continuity of the intercostal artery (large white arrow), spinal branch (curved white arrows), and radiculomedullary artery (black arrows) is also seen.
E, Curved multiplanar reconstruction scan allows the visualization of the continuity of the intercostal artery (large white arrow), spinal branch (curved white arrow), radiculomedullary artery (black arrow), and ASA (small white arrows) on a single section. The change of caliber of these vessels is also seen.
- Fig 2.
CT scans obtained in patient 3, a 54-year-old man.
A and B, Coronal scans show ASA (small white arrow) and AKA (black arrows). Thorough inspection reveals that the top of the hairpin curve is visualized at the upper edge of the scan. The continuity of the 10th intercostal artery (large white arrow), spinal branch (curved white arrow), and radiculomedullary artery (black arrows) is obscure because of close attachment of these vessels to the bone as a result of narrow intervertebral foramen.
- Fig 3.
CT scans obtained in patient 13, a 52-year-old man.
A, Coronal multiplanar reconstruction scan shows the radiculomedullary artery (black arrows) arising from the left L1 level and joining the ASA (small white arrows). Both the ascending and descending branches of the ASA are seen.
B, Because the radiculomedullary artery (black arrow) is slightly tortuous, the continuity of the vessel is confirmed on the section dorsal to that shown in A.
- Fig 4.
CT scan obtained in patient 17, a 25-year-old male patient. Coronal view multiplanar reconstruction scan shows the ASA (small white arrow) as visualized from the top of the scanning range. The radiculomedullary artery is not detected. The upper level of the scanning range is T11 level for this patient. The AKA is expected to arise from a more cranial level.
Tables
Patient No. Age (yr) Sex Background Scanning Range Range of ASA Detected Level of AKA Origin Upper Limit Lower Limit Upper Limit Lower Limit 1 65 F Chronic hepatitis T8 L2 T10–T11 L1–L2 Right T11 2 52 F Liver tumor T8–T9 L2–L3 U L1–L2 Left T10 3 54 M Post-liver transplantation (donor) T9 L2–L3 U T12–L1 Left T10 4 76 M HCC T9 L2–L3 T10–T11 T12–L1 Left T11 5 71 M HCC T9 L2–L3 U T12–L1 N.D. 6 57 F Echinococcosis T9 L2 U L1–L2 N.D. 7 55 F Liver cirrhosis T9–T10 L3–L4 U L Left T10 8 51 M HCC T9–T10 L3 U T12–L1 Right T11 9 73 M HCC T9–T10 L2–L3 U L1–L2 N.D. 10 60 M HCC T9–T10 L2 U T11–T12 Left T10 11 32 M Post-liver transplantation (recipient) T10 L3–L4 U L12–L1 Right T11 12 51 M Liver hemangioma T10 L3–L4 U L2–L3 N.D. 13 52 M HCC T10 L3 U L Left L1 14 56 M HCC T10 L2–L3 U L Right T12 15 48 F Post-liver transplantation (recipient) T10–T11 L4–L5 T11–T12 L1–L2 Left L2 16 68 M Autoimmune hepatitis T10–T11 L3 U T12–L1 Left T11 17 25 M Post-liver transplantation (recipient) T11 L4 U T12–L1 N.D. 18 64 M HCC T11 L3 U T12–L1 Left L1 19 58 M Liver cirrhosis T11 L3 U T12–L1 N.D. Note.—ASA indicates anterior spinal artery; AKA, artery of Adamkiewicz; F, female; M, male; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; U, upper limit of scanning range; L, lower limit of scanning range; N.D., not detected.
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