MR Imaging Intensity Modeling of Damage and Repair In Multiple Sclerosis: Relationship of Short-Term Lesion Recovery to Progression and Disability

References

1. ↵
   Trapp BD, Peterson J, Ransohoff RM, et al. Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 1998;338:278–85

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
2. ↵
   Brex PA, Ciccarelli O, O'Riordan JI, et al. A longitudinal study of abnormalities on MRI and disability from multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2002;346:158–64

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
3. ↵
   Frohman EM, Filippi M, Stuve O, et al. Characterizing the mechanisms of progression in multiple sclerosis: evidence and new hypotheses for future directions. Arch Neurol 2005;62:1345–56

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
4. ↵
   Rudick RA, Lee JC, Simon J, et al. Significance of T2 lesions in multiple sclerosis: A 13-year longitudinal study. Ann Neurol 2006;60:236–42

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. ↵
   Confavreux C, Vukusic S, Moreau T, et al. Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1430–38

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   Weinshenker BG, Bass B, Rice GP, et al. The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study. I. Clinical course and disability. Brain 1989;112:133–46

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
7. ↵
   He J, Grossman RI, Ge Y, et al. Enhancing patterns in multiple sclerosis: evolution and persistence. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22:664–69

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
8. ↵
   van Waesberghe JH, van Walderveen MA, Castelijns JA, et al. Patterns of lesion development in multiple sclerosis: longitudinal observations with T1-weighted spin-echo and magnetization transfer MR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:675–83

   Abstract
9. ↵
   Bagnato F, Jeffries N, Richert ND, et al. Evolution of T1 black holes in patients with multiple sclerosis imaged monthly for 4 years. Brain 2003;126:1782–89

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
10. ↵
    Weiner HL, Guttmann CR, Khoury SJ, et al. Serial magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: correlation with attacks, disability, and disease stage. J Neuroimmunol 2000;104:164–73

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
11. ↵
    Molyneux PD, Kappos L, Polman C, et al. The effect of interferon beta-1b treatment on MRI measures of cerebral atrophy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. European Study Group on Interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Brain 2000;123:2256–63

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
12. ↵
    Filippi M, Rovaris M, Iannucci G, et al. Whole brain volume changes in patients with progressive MS treated with cladribine. Neurology 2000;55:1714–18

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
13. ↵
    Prineas JW, Kwon EE, Cho ES, et al. Immunopathology of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001;50:646–57

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
14. ↵
    Patrikios P, Stadelmann C, Kutzelnigg A, et al. Remyelination is extensive in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients [published erratum appears in Brain 2007;130:879[. Brain 2006;129:3165–72

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
15. ↵
    Lassmann H. Recent neuropathological findings in MS—implications for diagnosis and therapy. J Neurol 2004;251 Suppl 4:IV2–5
16. ↵
    Meier DS, Guttmann CR. MRI time series modeling of MS lesion development. Neuroimage 2006;32:531–37

    CrossRefPubMed
17. ↵
    Meier DS, Guttmann CR. Time-series analysis of MRI intensity patterns in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 2003;20:1193–209

    CrossRefPubMed
18. ↵
    Wei X, Warfield SK, Zou KH, et al. Quantitative analysis of MRI signal abnormalities of brain white matter with high reproducibility and accuracy. J Magn Reson Imaging 2002;15:203–09

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
19. ↵
    Kurtzke JF. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology 1983;33:1444–52

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
20. ↵
    Cotton F, Weiner HL, Jolesz FA, et al. MRI contrast uptake in new lesions in relapsing-remitting MS followed at weekly intervals. Neurology 2003;60:640–46

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
21. ↵
    Lucchinetti C, Brück W, Parisi J, et al. Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination. Ann Neurol 2000;47:707–17

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
22. ↵
    Barkhof F, Bruck W, De Groot CJ, et al. Remyelinated lesions in multiple sclerosis: magnetic resonance image appearance. Arch Neurol 2003;60:1073–81

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. ↵
    Schmierer K, Scaravilli F, Altmann DR, et al. Magnetization transfer ratio and myelin in postmortem multiple sclerosis brain. Ann Neurol 2004;56:407–15

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. ↵
    Willoughby EW, Grochowski E, Li DK, et al. Serial magnetic resonance scanning in multiple sclerosis: a second prospective study in relapsing patients. Ann Neurol 1989;25:43–49

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
25. ↵
    Schwartz M, Kipnis J. Protective autoimmunity and neuroprotection in inflammatory and noninflammatory neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurol Sci 2005;233:163–66

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
26. ↵
    Keegan M, König F, McClelland R, et al. Relation between humoral pathological changes in multiple sclerosis and response to therapeutic plasma exchange. Lancet 2005;366:579–82

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
27. ↵
    Barkhof F, Karas GB, van Walderveen MA. T1 hypointensities and axonal loss. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2000;10:739–52, ix

    PubMedWeb of Science
28. van Waesberghe JH, Kamphorst W, De Groot CJ, et al. Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability. Ann Neurol 1999;46:747–54

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science