Table of Contents
State of Practice
Review Articles
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy: Review of Pathogenesis, Imaging Features, and Radiographic Mimics
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a CNS autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by specific antibodies targeting the intracellular filament protein in mature astrocytes. Neuroimaging findings include linear perivascular enhancement in the white matter extending in a radial pattern, periependymal enhancement, longitudinally extensive cord signal changes, intramedullary enhancement, optic neuritis, and papillitis.
- Myelographic Techniques for the Localization of CSF-Venous Fistulas: Updates in 2024
This is an updated comprehensive review of the various myelographic techniques that can be used to identify CSF-venous fistulas. The authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each and describe provocative maneuvers that may improve the conspicuity of CVFs.
General Contents
- Absence of the Susceptibility Vessel Sign with Cancer-Associated Hypercoagulability-Related Stroke
Cancer-associated hypercoagulability-related stroke is presumably caused by fibrin-predominant thrombi and is associated with the absence of the susceptibility vessel sign (sensitivity of 90%/specificity of 78%/ likelihood ratio of 4.06). This is in contradistinction to cardioembolic erythrocyte-predominant thrombi, which demonstrate hypointense signal on T2-weighted gradient-recalled echo images (susceptibility vessel sign).
Commentary
- Influence of Stroke-Onset Location on the Efficacy of Endovascular Thrombectomy: Comparison of Outcomes between In-Hospital versus Community-Onset Strokes
This study compared clinical outcomes in in-hospital strokes versus community-onset strokes in patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy for large-vessel occlusion. In-hospital strokes had overall faster time metrics from stroke onset to reperfusion. However, the rate of successful reperfusion and safety outcomes (in-hospital mortality and parenchymal hematoma) did not differ between the groups. Ninety-day mRS was also similar in both groups.
- Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Model for Identification of Mass Effect and Vasogenic Edema on CT of the Head
This study compared the accuracy of a stand-alone AI model with consensus neuroradiologists’ interpretations in detecting mass effect and vasogenic edema on CT of the head. The ability to identify these findings could assist the clinical workflow through prioritizing the interpretation of abnormal cases.
- Skull Base CSF Leaks: Potential Underlying Pathophysiology and Evaluation of Brain MR Imaging Findings Associated with Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
The purpose of this study was to use a validated brain MRI scoring system (Bern score) to evaluate patients with confirmed skull base CSF leaks for findings associated with SIH. The authors found that patients with skull base CSF leaks did not have brain MRI findings that are associated with SIH and likely have distinct pathophysiology from spinal CSF leaks.
