Brain Injury in Fetuses with Vein of Galen Malformation and Nongalenic Arteriovenous Fistulas: Static Snapshot or a Portent of More?

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Raybaud C

   . Normal and abnormal embryology and development of the intracranial vascular system. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2010;21:399–426 doi:10.1016/j.nec.2010.03.011 pmid:20561492

   CrossRefPubMed
2. 2.↵
   1. Yu J,
   2. Shi L,
   3. Lv X, et al

   . Intracranial non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistula: a review of the literature. Interv Neuroradiol 2016;22:557–68 doi:10.1177/1591019916653934 pmid:27388601

   CrossRefPubMed
3. 3.↵
   1. Cordova EG,
   2. Levy P,
   3. Kheir JN, et al

   . Vein of Galen malformation. Neoreviews 2020;21:e678–86 doi:10.1542/neo.21-10-e678 pmid:33004561

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   1. Godfrey ME,
   2. Tworetzky W,
   3. Morash D, et al

   . Cardiac findings in the fetus with cerebral arteriovenous malformation are associated with adverse outcome. Fetal Diagn Ther 2017;41:108–14 doi:10.1159/000446432 pmid:27255338

   CrossRefPubMed
5. 5.↵
   1. Lecce F,
   2. Robertson F,
   3. Rennie A, et al

   . Cross-sectional study of a United Kingdom cohort of neonatal vein of Galen malformation. Ann Neurol 2018;84:547–55 doi:10.1002/ana.25316 pmid:30155909

   CrossRefPubMed
6. 6.↵
   1. Arko L,
   2. Lambrych M,
   3. Montaser A, et al

   . Fetal and neonatal MRI predictors of aggressive early clinical course in vein of Galen malformation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020;41:1105–11 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A6585 pmid:32467186

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
7. 7.↵
   1. Hergan F,
   2. Huisman TA

   . “Melting brain” as complication of a vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation diagnosed by fetal MRI. Clin Obstet Gynecol Reprod Med 2018;4:1–3 doi:10.15761/COGRM.1000206

   CrossRef
8. 8.↵
   1. Wagner MW,
   2. Vaught AJ,
   3. Poretti A, et al

   . Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation: prognostic markers depicted on fetal MRI. Neuroradiol J 2015;28:72–75 doi:10.15274/NRJ-2014-10106 pmid:25924177

   CrossRefPubMed
9. 9.↵
   1. Gopalan V,
   2. Rennie A,
   3. Robertson F, et al

   . Presentation, course, and outcome of postneonatal presentations of vein of Galen malformation: a large, single-institution case series. Dev Med Child Neurol 2018;60:424–29 doi:10.1111/dmcn.13676 pmid:29359331

   CrossRefPubMed
10. 10.↵
    1. Paladini D,
    2. Deloison B,
    3. Rossi A, et al

    . Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) in the fetus: retrospective analysis of perinatal prognostic indicators in a two-center series of 49 cases. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;50:192–99 doi:10.1002/uog.17224 pmid:27514305

    CrossRefPubMed