Table of Contents
Perspectives
Practice Perspectives
Research Perspectives
General Contents
- MRI Evidence of Altered Callosal Sodium in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Eleven patients with a history of mild traumatic brain injury and 10 age- and sex-matched controls underwent sodium MR imaging using a 3T scanner. Higher total sodium concentration in the genu and lower total sodium concentration in the splenium was seen in patients with mild traumatic brain injury compared with controls. The ratio of genu total sodium concentration to splenium total sodium concentration was also higher in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. The total sodium concentration appears to be altered beyond the immediate postinjury phase, and further work is needed to understand the relationship to persistent symptoms and outcome.
- Abnormal Cerebral Perfusion Profile in Older Adults with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Discriminative Power of Arterial Spin-Labeling
CBF data from the UCSF HIV Over 60 Cohort and the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were retrospectively evaluated to identify 19 HIV+ older adults, all with plasma viral suppression (including 5 with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder); 13 healthy, age-matched controls; and 19 participants with early mild cognitive impairment. When accounting for age, education, sex, and vascular risk factors, the HIV+ participants demonstrated alterations in regional cerebral perfusion, including hypoperfusion of bilateral temporal, parietal, and occipital brain regions. This study found significant changes in specific CBF patterns associated with HIV status despite viral suppression.
- Peeking into the Black Box of Coregistration in Clinical fMRI: Which Registration Methods Are Used and How Well Do They Perform?
This retrospective study of presurgical fMRI for brain tumors compares nonregistered images and 5 registration cost functions: Hellinger, mutual information, normalized mutual information, correlation ratio, and local Pearson correlation. To adjudicate the accuracy of coregistration, the authors edge-enhanced echo-planar maps and rated them for alignment with structural anatomy. The local Pearson correlation is a special-purpose cost function specifically designed for T2*–T1 coregistration and should be more widely incorporated into software tools as a better method for coregistration in clinical fMRI.
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