Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Video Articles
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
  • Special Collections
    • AJNR Awards
    • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
    • Most Impactful AJNR Articles
    • Photon-Counting CT
    • Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcasts
    • AJNR SCANtastic
    • Trainee Corner
    • MRI Safety Corner
    • Imaging Protocols
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit a Video Article
    • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Statistical Tips
    • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Author Policies
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Alumni
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home

User menu

  • Alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
American Journal of Neuroradiology
American Journal of Neuroradiology

American Journal of Neuroradiology

ASHNR American Society of Functional Neuroradiology ASHNR American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology ASSR
  • Alerts
  • Log in

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Video Articles
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
  • Special Collections
    • AJNR Awards
    • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
    • Most Impactful AJNR Articles
    • Photon-Counting CT
    • Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcasts
    • AJNR SCANtastic
    • Trainee Corner
    • MRI Safety Corner
    • Imaging Protocols
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit a Video Article
    • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Statistical Tips
    • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Author Policies
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Alumni
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home
  • Follow AJNR on Twitter
  • Visit AJNR on Facebook
  • Follow AJNR on Instagram
  • Join AJNR on LinkedIn
  • RSS Feeds

AJNR is seeking candidates for the AJNR Podcast Editor. Read the position description.

Review ArticleREVIEW ARTICLE
Open Access

Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Review for Neuroradiologists

M. Hosseiny, S.D. Newsome and D.M. Yousem
American Journal of Neuroradiology August 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6649
M. Hosseiny
aFrom the Department of Radiological Sciences (M.H.), David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for M. Hosseiny
S.D. Newsome
bDepartment of Neurology (S.D.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for S.D. Newsome
D.M. Yousem
cRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (D.M.Y.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for D.M. Yousem
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Thompson AJ,
    2. Banwell BL,
    3. Barkhof F, et al
    . Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol 2018;17:162–73 doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30470-2 pmid:29275977
    CrossRefPubMed
  2. 2.↵
    1. De Stefano N,
    2. Giorgio A,
    3. Tintoré M, et al
    ; MAGNIMS study group. Radiologically isolated syndrome or subclinical multiple sclerosis: MAGNIMS consensus recommendations. Mult Scler 2018;24:214–21 doi:10.1177/1352458517717808 pmid:29451440
    CrossRefPubMed
  3. 3.↵
    1. Morris Z,
    2. Whiteley WN,
    3. Longstreth WT Jr., et al
    . Incidental findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2009;339:b3016 doi:10.1136/bmj.b3016 pmid:19687093
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  4. 4.↵
    1. Yamout B,
    2. Al Khawajah M
    . Radiologically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2017;17:234–37 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.08.016 pmid:29055465
    CrossRefPubMed
  5. 5.↵
    1. Forslin Y,
    2. Granberg T,
    3. Jumah AA, et al
    . Incidence of radiologically isolated syndrome: a population-based study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016;37:1017–22 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4660 pmid:26846927
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  6. 6.↵
    1. Gabelic T,
    2. Ramasamy DP,
    3. Weinstock-Guttman B, et al
    . Prevalence of radiologically isolated syndrome and white matter signal abnormalities in healthy relatives of patients with multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014;35:106–12 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A3653 pmid:23886745
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  7. 7.↵
    1. Liu S,
    2. Kullnat J,
    3. Bourdette D, et al
    . Prevalence of brain magnetic resonance imaging meeting Barkhof and McDonald criteria for dissemination in space among headache patients. Mult Scler 2013;19:1101–05 doi:10.1177/1352458512471874 pmid:23380650
    CrossRefPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Granberg T,
    2. Martola J,
    3. Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, et al
    . Radiologically isolated syndrome–incidental magnetic resonance imaging findings suggestive of multiple sclerosis, a systematic review. Mult Scler 2013;19:271–80 doi:10.1177/1352458512451943 pmid:22760099
    CrossRefPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    1. Okuda DT,
    2. Mowry EM,
    3. Beheshtian A, et al
    . Incidental MRI anomalies suggestive of multiple sclerosis: the radiologically isolated syndrome. Neurology 2009;72:800–05 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000335764.14513.1a pmid:19073949
    CrossRefPubMed
  10. 10.↵
    1. Lebrun C
    . The radiologically isolated syndrome. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2015;171:698–706 doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2015.05.001 pmid:26410363
    CrossRefPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. Polman CH,
    2. Reingold SC,
    3. Banwell B, et al
    . Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria. Ann Neurol 2011;69:292–302 doi:10.1002/ana.22366 pmid:21387374
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  12. 12.↵
    1. Okuda DT,
    2. Siva A,
    3. Kantarci O, et al
    ; Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) and Club Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (CFSEP). Radiologically isolated syndrome: 5-year risk for an initial clinical event. PLoS One 2014;9:e90509 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090509 pmid:24598783
    CrossRefPubMed
  13. 13.↵
    1. De Stefano N,
    2. Stromillo ML,
    3. Rossi F, et al
    . Improving the characterization of radiologically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2011;6:e19452 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019452 pmid:21559385
    CrossRefPubMed
  14. 14.↵
    1. Giorgio A,
    2. Stromillo ML,
    3. Rossi F, et al
    . Cortical lesions in radiologically isolated syndrome. Neurology 2011;77:1896–99 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e318238ee9b pmid:22076541
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  15. 15.↵
    1. Sati P,
    2. Oh J,
    3. Constable RT, et al
    ; NAIMS Cooperative. The central vein sign and its clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a consensus statement from the North American Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Cooperative. Nat Rev Neurol 2016;12:714–22 doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2016.166 pmid:27834394
    CrossRefPubMed
  16. 16.↵
    1. Suthiphosuwan S,
    2. Sati P,
    3. Guenette M, et al
    . The central vein sign in radiologically isolated syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019;40:776–83 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A6045 pmid:31000526
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  17. 17.↵
    1. Oh JS,
    2. Guenette S,
    3. Absinta M, et al
    . The central vein sign and paramagnetic rim sign in white matter lesions of radiologically isolated syndrome (S6.003). Neurology 2019;92:(15 Suppl):S6.003
  18. 18.↵
    1. Rojas JI,
    2. Patrucco L,
    3. Miguez J, et al
    . Brain atrophy in radiologically isolated syndromes. J Neuroimaging 2015;25:68–71 doi:10.1111/jon.12182 pmid:25307993
    CrossRefPubMed
  19. 19.↵
    1. George IC,
    2. El Mendili MM,
    3. Inglese M, et al
    . Cerebellar volume loss in radiologically isolated syndrome. Mult Scler 2019 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of Print] doi:10.1177/1352458519887346 pmid:31680617
    CrossRefPubMed
  20. 20.↵
    1. Stromillo ML,
    2. Giorgio A,
    3. Rossi F, et al
    . Brain metabolic changes suggestive of axonal damage in radiologically isolated syndrome. Neurology 2013;80:2090–94 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e318295d707 pmid:23635962
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  21. 21.↵
    1. Giorgio A,
    2. Stromillo ML,
    3. De Leucio A, et al
    . Appraisal of brain connectivity in radiologically isolated syndrome by modeling imaging measures. J Neurosci 2015;35:550–58 doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2557-14.2015 pmid:25589750
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  22. 22.↵
    1. Alcaide-Leon P,
    2. Cybulsky K,
    3. Sankar S, et al
    . Quantitative spinal cord MRI in radiologically isolated syndrome. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2018;5:e436 doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000436 pmid:29359174
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  23. 23.↵
    1. Thouvenot E,
    2. Hinsinger G,
    3. Demattei C, et al
    . Cerebrospinal fluid chitinase-3-like protein 1 level is not an independent predictive factor for the risk of clinical conversion in radiologically isolated syndrome. Mult Scler 2019;25:669–677 doi:10.1177/1352458518767043 pmid:29564952
    CrossRefPubMed
  24. 24.↵
    1. Okuda DT,
    2. Mowry EM,
    3. Cree BA, et al
    . Asymptomatic spinal cord lesions predict disease progression in radiologically isolated syndrome. Neurology 2011;76:686–92 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820d8b1d pmid:29106327
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  25. 25.↵
    1. Etemadifar M,
    2. Janghorbani M,
    3. Koushki MM, et al
    . Conversion from radiologically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis. Int J Prev Med 2014;5:1379–86 pmid:25538833
    PubMed
  26. 26.↵
    1. Bisulca J,
    2. De Lury A,
    3. Coyle PK, et al
    . MRI features associated with high likelihood of conversion of radiologically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019;36:101381 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.101381 pmid:31518773
    CrossRefPubMed
  27. 27.↵
    1. Maia AC Jr.,
    2. Rocha AJ,
    3. Barros BR, et al
    . Incidental demyelinating inflammatory lesions in asymptomatic patients: a Brazilian cohort with radiologically isolated syndrome and a critical review of current literature. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2012;70:5–11 doi:10.1590/s0004-282x2012000100003 pmid:22218466
    CrossRefPubMed
  28. 28.↵
    1. Lebrun C,
    2. Bensa C,
    3. Debouverie M, et al
    ; Club Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques. Association between clinical conversion to multiple sclerosis in radiologically isolated syndrome and magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid, and visual evoked potential: follow-up of 70 patients. Arch Neurol 2009;66:841–46 doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.119 pmid:19597085
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  29. 29.↵
    1. Kantarci OH,
    2. Lebrun C,
    3. Siva A, et al
    . Primary progressive multiple sclerosis evolving from radiologically isolated syndrome. Ann Neurol 2016;79:288–94 doi:10.1002/ana.24564 pmid:26599831
    CrossRefPubMed
  30. 30.↵
    1. Rossi S,
    2. Motta C,
    3. Studer V, et al
    . Subclinical central inflammation is risk for RIS and CIS conversion to MS. Mult Scler 2015;21:1443–52 doi:10.1177/1352458514564482 pmid:25583841
    CrossRefPubMed
  31. 31.↵
    1. Matute-Blanch C,
    2. Villar LM,
    3. Alvarez-Cermeno JC, et al
    . Neurofilament light chain and oligoclonal bands are prognostic biomarkers in radiologically isolated syndrome. Brain 2018;141:1085–93 doi:10.1093/brain/awy021 pmid:29452342
    CrossRefPubMed
  32. 32.↵
    1. Lebrun C,
    2. Le Page E,
    3. Kantarci O, et al
    ; Club Francophone de la Sclerose en Plaques (CFSEP) and the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) Group. Impact of pregnancy on conversion to clinically isolated syndrome in a radiologically isolated syndrome cohort. Mult Scler 2012;18:1297–1302 doi:10.1177/1352458511435931 pmid:22300971
    CrossRefPubMed
  33. 33.↵
    1. Tintore M,
    2. Rovira A,
    3. Rio J, et al
    . Baseline MRI predicts future attacks and disability in clinically isolated syndromes. Neurology 2006;67:968–72 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000237354.10144.ec pmid:17000962
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  34. 34.↵
    1. Miller DH,
    2. Chard DT,
    3. Ciccarelli O
    . Clinically isolated syndromes. Lancet Neurol 2012;11:157–69 doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70274-5 pmid:22265211
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  35. 35.↵
    1. Brownlee WJ,
    2. Miller DH
    . Clinically isolated syndromes and the relationship to multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci 2014;21:2065–71 doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2014.02.026 pmid:25027666
    CrossRefPubMed
  36. 36.↵
    1. Giorgio A,
    2. Battaglini M,
    3. Rocca MA, et al
    ; MAGNIMS Study Group. Location of brain lesions predicts conversion of clinically isolated syndromes to multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2013;80:234–41 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31827debeb pmid:23223533
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  37. 37.↵
    1. Sombekke MH,
    2. Wattjes MP,
    3. Balk LJ, et al
    . Spinal cord lesions in patients with clinically isolated syndrome: a powerful tool in diagnosis and prognosis. Neurology 2013;80:69–75 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31827b1a67 pmid:23243070
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  38. 38.↵
    1. Uher T,
    2. Horakova D,
    3. Bergsland N, et al
    . MRI correlates of disability progression in patients with CIS over 48 months. Neuroimage Clinical 2014;6:312–19 doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2014.09.015 pmid:5379444
    CrossRefPubMed
  39. 39.↵
    1. Miller DH,
    2. Weinshenker BG,
    3. Filippi M, et al
    . Differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis: a consensus approach. Mult Scler 2008;14:1157–74 doi:10.1177/1352458508096878 pmid:18805839
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  40. 40.↵
    1. Solomon AJ,
    2. Klein EP,
    3. Bourdette D
    . “Undiagnosing” multiple sclerosis: the challenge of misdiagnosis in MS. Neurology 2012;78:1986–91 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e318259e1b2 pmid:22581930
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  41. 41.↵
    1. Solomon AJ,
    2. Bourdette DN,
    3. Cross AH, et al
    . The contemporary spectrum of multiple sclerosis misdiagnosis: a multicenter study. Neurology 2016;87:1393–99 doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003152 pmid:27581217
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  42. 42.↵
    1. Pakpoor J,
    2. Saylor D,
    3. Izbudak I, et al
    . Follow-up of emergency department MRI scans suggesting new diagnosis of CNS demyelination. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017;209:171–75 doi:10.2214/AJR.16.17279 pmid:28463541
    CrossRefPubMed
  43. 43.↵
    1. Schaffler N,
    2. Kopke S,
    3. Winkler L, et al
    . Accuracy of diagnostic tests in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Acta Neurol Scand 2011;124:151–64 doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01454.x pmid:21070192
    CrossRefPubMed
  44. 44.↵
    1. Tornatore C,
    2. Phillips JT,
    3. Khan O, et al
    . Consensus opinion of US neurologists on practice patterns in RIS, CIS, and RRMS: evolution of treatment practices. Neurol Clin Pract 2016;6:329–38 doi:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000254 pmid:27574570
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  45. 45.↵
    1. Fernandez O,
    2. Delvecchio M,
    3. Edan G, et al
    . Survey of diagnostic and treatment practices for multiple sclerosis in Europe. Eur J Neurol 2017;24:516–22 doi:10.1111/ene.13236 pmid:28139062
    CrossRefPubMed
  46. 46.↵
    1. Carnero Contentti E,
    2. Pettinicchi JP,
    3. Caride A, et al
    . Decision-making on radiologically isolated syndrome among Argentinean neurologists: a survey based on clinical experience. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019;27:61–64 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.09.030 pmid:30317072
    CrossRefPubMed
  47. 47.↵
    1. Boyko A
    . Radiologically isolated syndrome with oligoclonal bands in CSF (RIS + OCB) can be classified as high MS risk group. Mult Scler 2020;26:869–70 doi:10.1177/1352458519879622 pmid:31625816
    CrossRefPubMed
  48. 48.↵
    1. Filippatou A,
    2. Shoemaker T,
    3. Esch M, et al
    . Spinal cord and infratentorial lesions in radiologically isolated syndrome are associated with decreased retinal ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer thickness. Mult Scler 2019;25:1878–87 doi:10.1177/1352458518815597 pmid:30507269
    CrossRefPubMed
  49. 49.↵
    1. Vural A,
    2. Okar S,
    3. Kurne A, et al
    . Retinal degeneration is associated with brain volume reduction and prognosis in radiologically isolated syndrome. Mult Scler 2020;26:38–47 doi:10.1177/1352458518817987 pmid:30526302
    CrossRefPubMed
  50. 50.↵
    1. Pierrot-Deseilligny C,
    2. Souberbielle JC
    . Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: an update. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2017;14:35–45 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.03.014 pmid:28619429
    CrossRefPubMed
  51. 51.↵
    1. Traboulsee A,
    2. Simon JH,
    3. Stone L, et al
    . Revised Recommendations of the Consortium of MS Centers Task Force for a Standardized MRI Protocol and Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Multiple Sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016;37:394–401 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4539 pmid:26564433
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  52. 52.↵
    1. Makhani N
    . Treatment considerations in the radiologically isolated syndrome. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2020;22:3 doi:10.1007/s11940-020-0608-8 pmid:32009206
    CrossRefPubMed
  53. 53.↵
    1. Jansen PR,
    2. Dremmen M,
    3. van den Berg A, et al
    . Incidental findings on brain imaging in the general pediatric population. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1593–95 doi:10.1056/NEJMc1710724 pmid:29045203
    CrossRefPubMed
  54. 54.↵
    1. Makhani N
    . The radiologically isolated syndrome: an opportunity to prevent multiple sclerosis in children. Pediatr Neurol 2018;85:13–15 doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2018.05.009 pmid:30104110
    CrossRefPubMed
  55. 55.↵
    1. Makhani N,
    2. Lebrun C,
    3. Siva A, et al
    ; Observatoire Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (SFSEP), the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) and the Pediatric Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (PARIS). Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2019;5:2055217319836664 doi:10.1177/2055217319836664 pmid:30915227
    CrossRefPubMed
  56. 56.↵
    1. Wilbur C,
    2. Yeh EA
    . Radiologically isolated syndrome in children: current knowledge and future directions. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018;24:79–84 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.06.010 pmid:29966829
    CrossRefPubMed
  57. 57.
    1. Barkhof F,
    2. Filippi M,
    3. Miller DH, et al
    . Comparison of MRI criteria at first presentation to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. Brain 1997;120:2059–69 doi:10.1093/brain/120.11.2059 pmid:9397021
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  58. 58.
    1. McDonald WI,
    2. Compston A,
    3. Edan G, et al
    . Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001;50:121–27 doi:10.1002/ana.1032 pmid:11456302
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  59. 59.
    1. Swanton JK,
    2. Fernando K,
    3. Dalton CM, et al
    . Modification of MRI criteria for multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:830–33 doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.073247 pmid:16043456
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  60. 60.
    1. Filippi M,
    2. Rocca MA,
    3. Ciccarelli O, et al
    . MRI criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: MAGNIMS consensus guidelines. Lancet Neurol 2016;15:292–303 doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00393-2 pmid:26822746
    CrossRefPubMed
PreviousNext
Back to top
Advertisement
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Journal of Neuroradiology.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Review for Neuroradiologists
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of Neuroradiology
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Journal of Neuroradiology web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Cite this article
M. Hosseiny, S.D. Newsome, D.M. Yousem
Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Review for Neuroradiologists
American Journal of Neuroradiology Aug 2020, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6649

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
0 Responses
Respond to this article
Share
Bookmark this article
Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Review for Neuroradiologists
M. Hosseiny, S.D. Newsome, D.M. Yousem
American Journal of Neuroradiology Aug 2020, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6649
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Purchase

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • ABBREVIATIONS:
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Early detection of white matter hyperintensities using SHIVA-WMH detector
  • Portable, Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sensitively Detects and Accurately Quantifies Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
  • The immune signatures of multiple sclerosis: Lessons from twin studies
  • Crossref (11)
  • Google Scholar

This article has been cited by the following articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

  • Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkers for disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
    Joke Temmerman, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Maria Bjerke, Miguel D’haeseleer
    Frontiers in Immunology 2023 14
  • The role of non-coding RNAs in neuroinflammatory process in multiple sclerosis
    Anna Nowak, Zofia Wicik, Marta Wolska, Andleeb Shahzadi, Piotr Szwed, Joanna Jarosz-Popek, Jeffrey Palatini, Marek Postula, Anna Czlonkowska, Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel, Ceren Eyileten
    Molecular Neurobiology 2022 59 8
  • Early detection of white matter hyperintensities usingSHIVA‐WMHdetector
    Ami Tsuchida, Philippe Boutinaud, Violaine Verrecchia, Christophe Tzourio, Stéphanie Debette, Marc Joliot
    Human Brain Mapping 2024 45 1
  • The immune signatures of multiple sclerosis: Lessons from twin studies
    Pablo Villoslada, Scott S. Zamvil
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2020 117 39
  • Predicting multiple sclerosis disease progression and outcomes with machine learning and MRI-based biomarkers: a review
    Hibba Yousef, Brigitta Malagurski Tortei, Filippo Castiglione
    Journal of Neurology 2024 271 10
  • Predictive Factors for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Changes Suggestive of Demyelination in Adult Patients with Uveitis Scanned Prior to Commencing Adalimumab Therapy
    Priyanka Sanghi, Joshua Luis, Sofia Ajamil, Ian YL Yeung, Edward Hindle, Selina Sandhu, Said Hassan, Ben Turner, Angela Rees, Mark Westcott
    Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 2023 31 9
  • Understanding Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (UMIMS): Development and Piloting of an Online Education Program About Magnetic Resonance Imaging for People With Multiple Sclerosis
    Magalie Freund, Insa Schiffmann, Anne Christin Rahn, Declan Chard, Carsten Lukas, Jutta Scheiderbauer, Anna Sippel, Christoph Heesen
    Frontiers in Neurology 2022 13
  • Conversion from Radiologically Isolated Syndrome to Multiple Sclerosis: Single Center Retrospective Study
    İbrahim Acır, Alperen Güngör, Abbas Musa Yılmaz, Abdurrahman Yusuf Çevik, Esra Derya Dinç Polat, Vildan Yayla
    Medical Science and Discovery 2023 10 8
  • Fallo terapéutico en esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente: definición y algoritmo para su manejo, un consenso de expertos
    Jimena García, Lina Gómez, Carlos Alberto Navas Cardozo, María Isabel Zuluaga Rodas, Adriana Casallas Vanegas, Simón Cárdenas-Robledo, Jairo Alonso Quiñones Bautista, Jahir Miranda Acuña, Marco Aurelio Reyes Guerrero, César Augusto Franco Ruiz, Jorge Andrés Jiménez Arango, Paola Andrea Ortiz Salas
    Acta Neurológica Colombiana 2025 41 1
  • Multiple sclerosis
    Hiromasa Tsuda
    Equilibrium Research 2022 81 4

More in this TOC Section

REVIEW ARTICLE

  • An Atlas of Neonatal Neurovascular Imaging Anatomy as Depicted with Microvascular Imaging: The Intracranial Arteries
  • An Atlas of Neonatal Neurovascular Imaging Anatomy as Depicted with Microvascular Imaging: The Intracranial Veins
  • Clinical Translation of Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Probes for Glioma Imaging
Show more REVIEW ARTICLE

ADULT BRAIN

  • Diagnostic Neuroradiology of Monoclonal Antibodies
  • Clinical Outcomes After Chiari I Decompression
  • Segmentation of Brain Metastases with BLAST
Show more ADULT BRAIN

Similar Articles

Advertisement

Indexed Content

  • Current Issue
  • Accepted Manuscripts
  • Article Preview
  • Past Issues
  • Editorials
  • Editor's Choice
  • Fellows' Journal Club
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Video Articles

Cases

  • Case Collection
  • Archive - Case of the Week
  • Archive - Case of the Month
  • Archive - Classic Case

Special Collections

  • AJNR Awards
  • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
  • Most Impactful AJNR Articles
  • Photon-Counting CT
  • Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)

More from AJNR

  • Trainee Corner
  • Imaging Protocols
  • MRI Safety Corner

Multimedia

  • AJNR Podcasts
  • AJNR Scantastics

Resources

  • Turnaround Time
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Submit a Video Article
  • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
  • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
  • Statistical Tips
  • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
  • Graphical Abstract Preparation
  • Imaging Protocol Submission
  • Evidence-Based Medicine Level Guide
  • Publishing Checklists
  • Author Policies
  • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
  • News and Updates

About Us

  • About AJNR
  • Editorial Board
  • Editorial Board Alumni
  • Alerts
  • Permissions
  • Not an AJNR Subscriber? Join Now
  • Advertise with Us
  • Librarian Resources
  • Feedback
  • Terms and Conditions
  • AJNR Editorial Board Alumni

American Society of Neuroradiology

  • Not an ASNR Member? Join Now

© 2025 by the American Society of Neuroradiology All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.
Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X

Powered by HighWire